Subject: DeRhamComplex?

If we were to create a new domain that allows metric to be part of the definition, what should it be called?

On 7 October 2014 12:13 Kurt Pagani wrote to fricas-devel@googlegroups.com:

I have no idea. You tell me? I can't yet overview how the final module(s) should look like. What I have in mind is first to complete this by functions like proj (projection on homogeneous parts, subspaces), push forward/pull back, interior product and Lie derivative which is possible which little effort, second to have simplicial homology (e.g. a type Simplex) then using FreeAbelianGroup?(Simplex), defining boundaryOperator and so on such that one can deal with integration of differential forms over simplicial complexes (Stokes theorem, Hodge pairing and so on you know). It's almost all there but one has to organize it. It should be a teamwork to becoming really useful, so any suggestions welcome.

(1) -> )lib DERHAM

   DeRhamComplex is now explicitly exposed in frame initial 
   DeRhamComplex will be automatically loaded when needed from 
      /var/aw/var/LatexWiki/DERHAM.NRLIB/DERHAM

)abbrev domain DIFGEOM DifferentialGeometry

DifferentialGeometry(n:NNI, CoefRing, listIndVar : DirectProduct(n,Symbol), g:SMR) : Export == Implement where
  CoefRing :  Join(IntegralDomain, Comparable)
  ASY     ==> AntiSymm(R, listIndVar)
  DERHAM ==> DeRhamComplex(CoefRing, members listIndVar)
  DIFRING ==> DifferentialRing
  LALG    ==> LeftAlgebra
  FMR     ==> FreeMod(R, EAB)
  I       ==> Integer
  L       ==> List
  EAB     ==> ExtAlgBasis  -- these are exponents of basis elements in order
  NNI     ==> NonNegativeInteger
  O       ==> OutputForm
  R       ==> Expression(CoefRing)
  SMR     ==> SquareMatrix(n,R)

  Export == Join(LALG(R), RetractableTo(R)) with
      leadingCoefficient : %           -> R
        ++ leadingCoefficient(df) returns the leading
        ++ coefficient of differential form df.
      leadingBasisTerm   : %           -> %
        ++ leadingBasisTerm(df) returns the leading
        ++ basis term of differential form df.
      reductum           : %           -> %
        ++ reductum(df), where df is a differential form,
        ++ returns df minus the leading
        ++ term of df if df has two or more terms, and
        ++ 0 otherwise.
      coefficient        : (%, %)     -> R
        ++ coefficient(df, u), where df is a differential form,
        ++ returns the coefficient of df containing the basis term u
        ++ if such a term exists, and 0 otherwise.
      generator          : NNI         -> %
        ++ generator(n) returns the nth basis term for a differential form.
      homogeneous?       : %           -> Boolean
        ++  homogeneous?(df) tests if all of the terms of
        ++  differential form df have the same degree.
      retractable?       : %           -> Boolean
        ++  retractable?(df) tests if differential form df is a 0-form,
        ++  i.e., if degree(df) = 0.
      degree             : %           -> NNI
        ++  changed from I to NNI , then works
        ++  degree(df) returns the homogeneous degree of differential form df.
      map                : (R -> R, %) -> %
        ++  map(f, df) replaces each coefficient x of differential
        ++  form df by \spad{f(x)}.
      totalDifferential    : R -> %
        ++  totalDifferential(x) returns the total differential
        ++  (gradient) form for element x.
      exteriorDifferential : % -> %
        ++  exteriorDifferential(df) returns the exterior
        ++  derivative (gradient, curl, divergence, ...) of
        ++  the differential form df.

--=-=-=-=-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-=

      dim : % -> NNI
        ++ dimension of underlying space
        ++ that is dim ExtAlg = 2^dim

      hodgeStar : (%) -> %
        ++ computes the Hodge dual of the differential form % with respect
        ++ to a metric g.

      dot : (%,%) -> R
        ++ computes the inner product of two differential forms w.r.t. g

      proj : (%,NNI) -> %
        ++ projection to homogeneous terms of degree p

      interiorProduct : (Vector(R),%) -> %
        ++ calculates the interior product i_X(a) of the vector field X
        ++ with the differential form a (w.r.t. metric g).

      lieDerivative : (Vector(R),%) -> %
        ++ calculates the Lie derivative L_X(a) of the differential 
        ++ form a with respect to the vector field X (w.r.t. metric g).

--=-=-=-=-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-=       

  Implement == DERHAM add
      Rep := DERHAM

      terms : % -> List Record(k : EAB, c : R)
      terms(a) ==
        -- it is the case that there are at least two terms in a
        a pretend List Record(k : EAB, c : R)

--=-=-=-=-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-=

      -- error messages
      err2:="Not implemented"
      err3:="Degenerate metric"
      err4:="Index out of range" 

      -- coord space dimension 
      dim(f) == n

      -- flip 0->1, 1->0 
      flip(b:ExtAlgBasis):ExtAlgBasis ==
        bl := b pretend List(NNI)
        [(i+1) rem 2 for i in bl] pretend ExtAlgBasis

      -- list the positions of a's (a=0,1) in x
      pos(x:EAB, a:NNI):List(NNI) ==
        y:= x pretend List(NNI) 
        [j for j in 1..#y | y.j=a]

      -- compute dot of singletons
      dot1(r:Record(k : EAB, c : R),s:Record(k : EAB, c : R)):R ==
        test(r.k ~= s.k) => 0::R
        idx := pos(r.k,1)
        idx = [] => r.c * s.c
        reduce("*",[1/g(j,j) for j in idx]::List(R)) * r.c * s.c

      -- export
      dot(x,y) ==
        tx := terms(x)
        ty := terms(y)
        reduce("+",[dot1(tx.j,ty.j) for j in 1..#tx])

      -- export
      hodgeStar(x) ==
        not diagonal? g => error(err2)
        v := sqrt(abs(determinant(g))) -- volume factor
        v = 0 => error(err3)
        t := terms(x)
        s := [copy(r) for r in t] -- we need a copy of x!
        for j in 1..#t repeat
          s.j.k := flip(s.j.k)
          fs:= [s.j] pretend %
          ft:= [t.j] pretend %
          s.j.c := s.j.c * v * dot1(t.j,t.j)/leadingCoefficient(ft*fs)
        s pretend %

      -- export
      proj(x,p) ==
        p < 0 or p > n => error(err4)
        t := terms(x)
        idx := [j for j in 1..#t | #pos(t.j.k,1)=p]
        s := [copy(t.j) for j in idx::List(NNI)]
        s pretend %

      interiorProduct(v,x) ==
        f := reduce("+", [generator(i)$% for i in 1..n]::List(%))
        t := terms(f)
        for j in 1..n repeat 
          t.(n-j+1).c := g(j,j)*v(j)  -- reverse order!
        f -- term manipulations are destructive ;)
        dg:R := determinant(g)
        sg:R := dg/abs(dg)
        if odd?(n) then
          m:R := sg
        else
          m:R := (-1)^degree(x) * sg
        m * hodgeStar(f * hodgeStar(x))

      lieDerivative(v,x) ==
        a := exteriorDifferential(interiorProduct(v,x))
        b := interiorProduct(v, exteriorDifferential(x))
        a+b

--=-=-=-=-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-==-=-=

   Compiling FriCAS source code from file 
      /var/lib/zope2.10/instance/axiom-wiki/var/LatexWiki/7961152715829501373-25px002.spad
      using old system compiler.
   DIFGEOM abbreviates domain DifferentialGeometry 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
   initializing NRLIB DIFGEOM for DifferentialGeometry 
   compiling into NRLIB DIFGEOM 
****** Domain: CoefRing already in scope
   compiling local terms : % -> List Record(k: ExtAlgBasis,c: Expression CoefRing)
      DIFGEOM;terms is replaced by a 
Time: 0.05 SEC.

   compiling exported dim : % -> NonNegativeInteger
Time: 0 SEC.

   compiling local flip : ExtAlgBasis -> ExtAlgBasis
Time: 0 SEC.

   compiling local pos : (ExtAlgBasis,NonNegativeInteger) -> List NonNegativeInteger
Time: 0.01 SEC.

   compiling local dot1 : (Record(k: ExtAlgBasis,c: Expression CoefRing),Record(k: ExtAlgBasis,c: Expression CoefRing)) -> Expression CoefRing
Time: 0.23 SEC.

   compiling exported dot : (%,%) -> Expression CoefRing
Time: 0 SEC.

   compiling exported hodgeStar : % -> %
Time: 0.58 SEC.

   compiling exported proj : (%,NonNegativeInteger) -> %
Time: 0.02 SEC.

   compiling exported interiorProduct : (Vector Expression CoefRing,%) -> %
Time: 0.02 SEC.

   compiling exported lieDerivative : (Vector Expression CoefRing,%) -> %
Time: 0 SEC.

(time taken in buildFunctor:  2951)

;;;     ***       |DifferentialGeometry| REDEFINED

;;;     ***       |DifferentialGeometry| REDEFINED
Time: 0 SEC.

   Warnings: 
      [1] dot1:  k has no value
      [2] dot1:  c has no value
      [3] hodgeStar:  c has no value

   Cumulative Statistics for Constructor DifferentialGeometry
      Time: 0.93 seconds

   finalizing NRLIB DIFGEOM 
   Processing DifferentialGeometry for Browser database:
--->-->DifferentialGeometry(constructor): Not documented!!!!
--------(leadingCoefficient ((Expression CoefRing) %))---------
--------(leadingBasisTerm (% %))---------
--------(reductum (% %))---------
--------(coefficient ((Expression CoefRing) % %))---------
--------(generator (% (NonNegativeInteger)))---------
--------(homogeneous? ((Boolean) %))---------
--------(retractable? ((Boolean) %))---------
--------(degree ((NonNegativeInteger) %))---------
--->-->DifferentialGeometry((degree ((NonNegativeInteger) %))): Improper first word in comments: changed
"changed from \\spad{I} to NNI ,{} then works degree(\\spad{df}) returns the homogeneous degree of differential form \\spad{df}."
--------(map (% (Mapping (Expression CoefRing) (Expression CoefRing)) %))---------
--------(totalDifferential (% (Expression CoefRing)))---------
--------(exteriorDifferential (% %))---------
--------(dim ((NonNegativeInteger) %))---------
--->-->DifferentialGeometry((dim ((NonNegativeInteger) %))): Improper first word in comments: dimension
"dimension of underlying space that is dim ExtAlg = 2^dim"
--------(hodgeStar (% %))---------
--->-->DifferentialGeometry((hodgeStar (% %))): Improper first word in comments: computes
"computes the Hodge dual of the differential form \\% with respect to a metric \\spad{g}."
--------(dot ((Expression CoefRing) % %))---------
--->-->DifferentialGeometry((dot ((Expression CoefRing) % %))): Improper first word in comments: computes
"computes the inner product of two differential forms \\spad{w}.\\spad{r}.\\spad{t}. \\spad{g}"
--------(proj (% % (NonNegativeInteger)))---------
--->-->DifferentialGeometry((proj (% % (NonNegativeInteger)))): Improper first word in comments: projection
"projection to homogeneous terms of degree \\spad{p}"
--------(interiorProduct (% (Vector (Expression CoefRing)) %))---------
--->-->DifferentialGeometry((interiorProduct (% (Vector (Expression CoefRing)) %))): Improper first word in comments: calculates
"calculates the interior product i_X(a) of the vector field \\spad{X} with the differential form a (\\spad{w}.\\spad{r}.\\spad{t}. metric \\spad{g})."
--------(lieDerivative (% (Vector (Expression CoefRing)) %))---------
--->-->DifferentialGeometry((lieDerivative (% (Vector (Expression CoefRing)) %))): Improper first word in comments: calculates
"calculates the Lie derivative \\spad{L_X}(a) of the differential form a with respect to the vector field \\spad{X} (\\spad{w}.\\spad{r}.\\spad{t}. metric \\spad{g})."
--->-->DifferentialGeometry(): Missing Description
; compiling file "/var/aw/var/LatexWiki/DIFGEOM.NRLIB/DIFGEOM.lsp" (written 02 NOV 2024 02:30:08 AM):

; wrote /var/aw/var/LatexWiki/DIFGEOM.NRLIB/DIFGEOM.fasl
; compilation finished in 0:00:00.048
------------------------------------------------------------------------
   DifferentialGeometry is now explicitly exposed in frame initial 
   DifferentialGeometry will be automatically loaded when needed from 
      /var/aw/var/LatexWiki/DIFGEOM.NRLIB/DIFGEOM

d ==> exteriorDifferential

G:=diagonalMatrix([1,1,1])

(1)

X := DIFGEOM(3,Integer,[x,y,z],G)

(2)

[dx,dy,dz] := [generator(i)$X for i in 1..3]

   >> System error:
   #<SB-SYS:FD-STREAM for "file /var/aw/var/LatexWiki/DERHAM.NRLIB/DERHAM.fasl" {1004336DF3}>
is a fasl file compiled with SBCL 1.1.1, and can't be loaded into SBCL
2.2.9.debian.

v:=vector[U(x,y,z),V(x,y,z),W(x,y,z)]

   There are no exposed library operations named U but there are 4 
      unexposed operations with that name. Use HyperDoc Browse or issue
                                )display op U
      to learn more about the available operations.

   Cannot find a definition or applicable library operation named U 
      with argument type(s) 
                                 Variable(x)
                                 Variable(y)
                                 Variable(z)

      Perhaps you should use "@" to indicate the required return type, 
      or "$" to specify which version of the function you need.

interiorProduct(v,sigma)

   There are 1 exposed and 0 unexposed library operations named 
      interiorProduct having 2 argument(s) but none was determined to 
      be applicable. Use HyperDoc Browse, or issue
                         )display op interiorProduct
      to learn more about the available operations. Perhaps 
      package-calling the operation or using coercions on the arguments
      will allow you to apply the operation.

   Cannot find a definition or applicable library operation named 
      interiorProduct with argument type(s) 
                                 Variable(v)
                               Variable(sigma)

      Perhaps you should use "@" to indicate the required return type, 
      or "$" to specify which version of the function you need.

d interiorProduct(v,dx*dy*dz)

   There are 1 exposed and 0 unexposed library operations named 
      interiorProduct having 2 argument(s) but none was determined to 
      be applicable. Use HyperDoc Browse, or issue
                         )display op interiorProduct
      to learn more about the available operations. Perhaps 
      package-calling the operation or using coercions on the arguments
      will allow you to apply the operation.

   Cannot find a definition or applicable library operation named 
      interiorProduct with argument type(s) 
                                 Variable(v)
                             Polynomial(Integer)

      Perhaps you should use "@" to indicate the required return type, 
      or "$" to specify which version of the function you need.

eta:=lieDerivative(v,theta)

   There are 1 exposed and 0 unexposed library operations named 
      lieDerivative having 2 argument(s) but none was determined to be 
      applicable. Use HyperDoc Browse, or issue
                          )display op lieDerivative
      to learn more about the available operations. Perhaps 
      package-calling the operation or using coercions on the arguments
      will allow you to apply the operation.

   Cannot find a definition or applicable library operation named 
      lieDerivative with argument type(s) 
                                 Variable(v)
                               Variable(theta)

      Perhaps you should use "@" to indicate the required return type, 
      or "$" to specify which version of the function you need.

proj(dx+dy*dz+dx*dy*dz,2)

   There are 1 exposed and 0 unexposed library operations named proj 
      having 2 argument(s) but none was determined to be applicable. 
      Use HyperDoc Browse, or issue
                              )display op proj
      to learn more about the available operations. Perhaps 
      package-calling the operation or using coercions on the arguments
      will allow you to apply the operation.

   Cannot find a definition or applicable library operation named proj 
      with argument type(s) 
                             Polynomial(Integer)
                               PositiveInteger

      Perhaps you should use "@" to indicate the required return type, 
      or "$" to specify which version of the function you need.

dim(sigma)

   There are 2 exposed and 0 unexposed library operations named dim 
      having 1 argument(s) but none was determined to be applicable. 
      Use HyperDoc Browse, or issue
                               )display op dim
      to learn more about the available operations. Perhaps 
      package-calling the operation or using coercions on the arguments
      will allow you to apply the operation.

   Cannot find a definition or applicable library operation named dim 
      with argument type(s) 
                               Variable(sigma)

      Perhaps you should use "@" to indicate the required return type, 
      or "$" to specify which version of the function you need.

dot(sigma,sigma)

   There are 3 exposed and 2 unexposed library operations named dot 
      having 2 argument(s) but none was determined to be applicable. 
      Use HyperDoc Browse, or issue
                               )display op dot
      to learn more about the available operations. Perhaps 
      package-calling the operation or using coercions on the arguments
      will allow you to apply the operation.

   Cannot find a definition or applicable library operation named dot 
      with argument type(s) 
                               Variable(sigma)
                               Variable(sigma)

      Perhaps you should use "@" to indicate the required return type, 
      or "$" to specify which version of the function you need.

Laplace Operator for

)clear all

   All user variables and function definitions have been cleared.
d ==> exteriorDifferential

Y := DIFGEOM(2,Integer,[r,theta],diagonalMatrix([1,r^2]))

(3)

F:=operator 'F

(4)

[dr,dtheta] := [generator(i)$Y for i in 1..2]

   >> System error:
   #<SB-SYS:FD-STREAM for "file /var/aw/var/LatexWiki/DERHAM.NRLIB/DERHAM.fasl" {10045A9E83}>
is a fasl file compiled with SBCL 1.1.1, and can't be loaded into SBCL
2.2.9.debian.

)lib DIFGEOM

   DifferentialGeometry is already explicitly exposed in frame initial 
   DifferentialGeometry will be automatically loaded when needed from 
      /var/aw/var/LatexWiki/DIFGEOM.NRLIB/DIFGEOM

G:=diagonalMatrix([1,1,1])

(5)

X := DIFGEOM(3,Integer,[x',y,z],G)

(6)

Y := DIFGEOM(3,Integer,[x,y',z],G)

(7)

xy:X

xy:=generator(1)$X

   >> System error:
   #<SB-SYS:FD-STREAM for "file /var/aw/var/LatexWiki/DERHAM.NRLIB/DERHAM.fasl" {1004734413}>
is a fasl file compiled with SBCL 1.1.1, and can't be loaded into SBCL
2.2.9.debian.